The physical therapist applies controlled, compressive strokes over the skin using the instrument to break down scar tissue and fascial restrictions.

The technique causes micro-trauma to the localized tissue, which triggers the body’s natural healing response, stimulates blood flow, and promotes tissue remodeling.

In addition to treating the patient, the tools give the therapist a mechanical advantage, allowing for deep tissue penetration while saving their hands and thumbs from overuse.

IASTM is frequently used to treat both acute and chronic musculoskeletal injuries, including:

• Tendinopathies (e.g., tennis elbow, golfer's elbow, Achilles tendinitis)

• Plantar fasciitis

• Shin splints and IT band syndrome

• Scar tissue from surgeries, C-sections, or injuries

• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

• Neck and low back pain

A session typically lasts from 3 to 15 minutes, depending on the targeted area. The therapist will first apply an emollient or lotion to the skin to help the instruments glide smoothly.

The treatment is often followed by targeted stretching, strengthening, and functional movement exercises to retrain the tissue.

You may experience mild discomfort during the session and temporary localized bruising or redness afterward, which is a normal part of the healing and inflammatory response.

While the general concept is the same, there are several branded techniques and systems of IASTM that therapists may be certified in, including the Graston Technique, ASTYM, and Hawkgrips.